GCL self-healing: fully penetrating hole/slit hydrated with RO water and 10 mM Ca solution
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The self-healing of fully penetrating artificial defects (circular holes and rectangular slits) in geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) on full hydration in deionized water and 10 mM calcium chloride (CaCl2) solution under 2 kPa overburden stress are compared. Circular holes with diameters up to 41 mm self-healed in deionized water but with an indentation of about up to 2 mm deep remaining at the center of the larger self-healed zones for holes of 30 mm diameter and larger. Holes of up to 35 mm diameter completely closed-up in 10 mM CaCl2 solution, but with an indentation of about up to 6 mm deep remaining at the center of the larger self-healed zones for holes of 30 mm diameter and larger. A fully penetrating 15 mm wide × 120 mm long single slit in the center of a GCL specimen completely closed up in deionized water but not in 10 mM CaCl2 solution. Even in deionized water, the slit does not fully close when 25 mm (or more) wide. Double parallel silts 15 mm wide × 240 mm long closed up in deionized water, but not in 10 mM CaCl2 solution when there was a 20 mm-wide strip of undamaged GCL between the slits, but did not fully close up when the undamaged GCL strip between the slits was reduced to 10 mm or 5 mm. The difference in self-healing based on the hydrating fluid chemistry is discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".