Correlations of Cognitive Impairment with Circadian Blood Pressure Pattern and Intima-Media Thickness in Hypertensive Patients.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Cognitive impairment is strongly associated with arterial hypertension and might be associated also with certain circadian blood pressure patterns. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) represents a very useful tool in the evaluation of patients with hypertension. Intima-media thickness (IMT), a marker of subclinical organ damage in hypertensive patients is associated with the progression of cognitive impairment. The aim of our study was to correlate the cognitive impairment with the hypertension pattern found with ABPM, IMT, lipid profile and inflammatory syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We enrolled 40 patients aged between 47 and 88 years (69±11 years) with medical history of essential hypertension and cognitive impairment. All patients underwent neuropsychological examination, ABPM, and B-mode ultrasound of the carotid arteries. RESULTS: 57% of the patients had a nondipping pattern. The blood pressure pattern inversely correlated with the results of MMSE (r=-0.33; p=0.04), patients with nondipping patterns having lower scores than the ones with dipper pattern. Increased IMT was associated with poorer performance on MoCA test (r=-0.33; p=0.005). MoCA and MMSE scores were inversely correlated with the total cholesterol (r=-0.31; p=0.04; and r=0.38; p=0.01 respectively) and with the LDL-cholesterol (r=-0.32; p=0.04; and r=-0.41; p=0.009 respectively). Patients with low scores on MMSE also had high serum levels of C reactive protein (r=-0.33; p=0.045). CONCLUSION: Patients with cognitive impairment and hypertension have vascular changes characterized by increased carotid IMT, alteration of the dipping phenomenon, increased total and LDL-cholesterol, and increased C reactive protein, all related to the degree of cognitive dysfunction.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".