Generalized Beam Angle Channel Modulation with Space-Time Block Coding
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper introduces modulation and coding schemes which encode data into beams of antenna arrays by exploring the angular models of wireless channels. First, the paper presents Generalized Beam Angle Channel Modulation (G-BACM) which maps the spatial symbols into multiple angles of wave propagation and arrival. Then, space-time block coding (STBC) strategies for G-BACM are investigated. In the case of G-BACM configuration with two simultaneous beams, the block of information bits is mapped into three symbols at the encoder: (i) one, spatial, symbol indexing two beams representing the angles of arrival of the two amplitude and phase modulated (APM) carrier signals and (ii) two APM symbols independently transmitted over two beams. Utilizing simultaneous transmissions on two or more beams improves the bandwidth efficiency and is also used to benefit the diversity aspect of the proposed system. Specifically, STBC strategies for G-BACM are presented where multiple copies of data streams are transmitted across a number of beams rather than antennas as in conventional multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. The performance of G-BACM with and without STBC is analyzed in multipath fading channels when trading-off between the system rate and reliability.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".