Do Organochlorine Substances Mediate the Association between Age and Type II Diabetes?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Do Organochlorine Substances Mediate the Association between Age and Type II Diabetes? Aaron Sobkowicz*, Azadeh Alimidad, Lawrence C. McCandless, Gordon L. Grenon, and Scott A. Venners Aaron Sobkowicz* Simon Fraser University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Canada, E-mail Address: [email protected] Search for more papers by this author , Azadeh Alimidad Simon Fraser University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Canada, E-mail Address: [email protected] Search for more papers by this author , Lawrence C. McCandless Simon Fraser University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Canada, E-mail Address: [email protected] Search for more papers by this author , Gordon L. Grenon Simon Fraser University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Canada, E-mail Address: [email protected] Search for more papers by this author , and Scott A. Venners Simon Fraser University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Canada, E-mail Address: [email protected] Search for more papers by this author AbstractBackground: The association between some organochlorine substances and type II diabetes (T2D) is well-established. Thus, the positive association between age and T2D might be caused, in part, by increasing body-burdens of organochlorine substances with age.Methods: We used cycle 1 (2007-2009) of the Canadian Health Measures Survey, a stratified random sample representing 96% of Canadians. T2D was defined as any of 1) glycosylated haemoglobin >= 6.5%; 2) fasting glucose >= 7.0 mmol/L; 3) diabetic medication use; or 4) self-reported doctor’s diagnosis of T2D. We included 18 organochlorine substances detectable in plasma of 60% or more of participants aged 20-79 (see table 1). We used causal mediation analysis [1] to quantify percentages of the association between age and T2D mediated by each organochlorine substance.Results: We found statistically significant (two-sided alpha=0.05) mediation of the association between age and T2D by six organochlorine substances: beta-hexachlorocyclohexane percentage mediated (95% confidence interval) = 11.1% (4.1%, 18.8%); oxychlordane = 31.6% (6.9%, 55.0%); trans-nonachlor = 34.6% (0.5%, 70.2%); chlordane = 32.9% (5.9%, 57.5%); PCB118 = 24.0% (9.7%, 39.7%); and PCB138 = 19.8% (1.8%, 37.8%). See table 1 for complete results.Conclusions: Our results support the hypothesis that the higher prevalence of T2D among older Canadians is partly mediated by higher body burdens of organochlorine substances. Reference: (1) Am J Epidemiol. (2010) 172(12):1339-48.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.015 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".