From nature and basic scientific results to modern engineering applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The motto of the paper concerning physics and nature is a quotation by Eugene Wigner: 'The miracle of the appropriateness of the language of mathematics for the formulation of the laws of physics is a wonderful gift which we neither understand nor deserve'. The first case in this paper is based on an original paper by this author, and it uses Fletcher's scale of speech intelligibility, for analysis of specific noise effect in the presence of background noise. The idea is based on the assumption that the brain uses the same scale for estimating both intelligibility and nuisance by specific noise. This notion was confirmed by experiments. The second case below is the use of the 'simplex theory', which is a mathematical model used in computer sciences, and was published originally by this author as a means for design of environmental sound barriers. The third application involves sophisticated use of specular reflections and scattering in acoustics, with application of acoustic quadratic residues in interiors acoustics, based on the mathematical theory of numbers, where prime numbers are involved. Leading mathematicians in this development are Euclid (325 BC-265 BC) and Gauss (1777-1855), who discovered in the 18th century quadratic residues. In the context of diffraction physics, the main contribution was by Rntgen (1845-1923), von Laue (1879-1960), W.H. Bragg (1862-1942), and W.L. Bragg (1890 This long way towards sophisticated acoustic diffusers that turn specular reflections into a uniform diffusion needed one more leading physicist to make the breakthrough. Manfred Schroeder published a seminal paper in 1975, adding the number theory to room acoustics as a legitimate part. He has proved mathematically that specific panels with a sequence of one-dimensional or two-dimensional grooves result in a diffusive-phase grating of wide band, instead of a specular reflection panel. This result was directly applicable from the theory of x ray diffraction. D'Antonio and Cox continued improving the results, leading to special quadratic residue diffuser (QRD) shapes. Many of the panels resemble shapes that exist in nature.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.011 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.018 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.009 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".