SURVEILLANCE OF AGRICULTURAL PESTICIDE USE AND POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background and Aims: Limited information exists on pesticide exposure in Canada, and some of the most prevalently used pesticides are classified as “possible” carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). The objective is to characterize environmental exposure to “possibly” carcinogenic IARC pesticides used for agriculture in Canada. Methods: Region-specific annual agriculture use (AAU) estimates for selected pesticides are derived by multiplying crop production areas (hectares) obtained from the Interpolated Census of Agriculture (2006) by crop-specific intensity use weights (grams/hectare per year) developed using national and provincial pesticide use information. Total AAU (tonnes) is derived for each pesticide as the sum of active ingredient used on all crop types within a sub-provincial region. Regional estimates are mapped using a Geographic Information System (GIS). Population estimates corresponding to sub-provincial AAU estimates are determined using Census of Population (2006) data. These estimates represent the number of persons at risk of environmental exposure to “possibly” carcinogenic pesticides, by exposure potential (i.e. AAU estimate). Results: AAU estimates were derived for chlorothalonil in Western provinces: British Columbia (BC), Alberta (AB), Saskatchewan (SK). Regions that use chlorothalonil were classified into four ‘usage groups’ based on AAU (tonnes) quartile distribution: Low (>0-21), Low-Medium (>21-82), Medium-High (>82-273), High (>273-1597). The percent of the total provincial population living in ‘High’ chlorothalonil use regions are approximately: 16% (n=595,353) for BC; 24% (n=790,014) for AB; and 62% (n=594,712) for SK. When mapped, the regions in which these populations reside are identified. Regions with no chlorothalonil use were classified as ‘no use’ (0 tonnes); corresponding populations were considered to not be at risk (62% of BC population; 54% of AB population; 5.6% of SK population). Conclusions: Surveillance of IARC “possible” carcinogenic pesticides provides knowledge on environmental exposure potential, in terms of geographic variation and extent (population counts) across Canada.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".