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Record W2993123928 · doi:10.1093/jahist/jaz539

The American Revolution: A World War

2019· article· en· W2993123928 on OpenAlex
John Crowley

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueJournal of American History · 2019
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldBusiness, Management and Accounting
TopicAmerican History and Culture
Canadian institutionsDalhousie University
Fundersnot available
KeywordsIndependence (probability theory)LeagueGeopoliticsColonialismSpanish Civil WarEconomic historyNeutralityHistoryPower (physics)Political scienceLawPolitics

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

This collection of essays shows how the American colonies' independence depended on an international crisis brought about by their rebellion. Seventeen historians from eight countries (museum curators, public historians, historians of science, historians of the Anglo-American colonial and revolutionary periods, and naval and military historians of Great Britain, France, the Netherlands, Spain, India, and the United States) provide a multifaceted but coherent account of the American Revolution's international geopolitics. Drawing on the collections and expertise of the Smithsonian's National Museum of American History, it uses visual evidence to enrich, not just illustrate, its analysis. Naval power was crucial to the conduct and outcome of the Revolutionary War. In the Seven Years' War (1756–1763), the United Kingdom headed an anti-French coalition in theaters on the European continent and extending to the Americas, India, and the Pacific. In the War of American Independence, Britain had no allies, and, with the exceptions of the Gibraltar and Minorcan campaigns, fought overseas. Most of its previous allies and enemies formed the League of Armed Neutrality to trade with France, while Britain's outright enemies each fought for separate strategic reasons that “had little or nothing to do with aiding American independence” (p. 6). Spain, for example, was an ally of France, but not of the United States.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: Not applicable
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.230
Threshold uncertainty score0.678

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.001
Scholarly communication0.0000.001
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.008
GPT teacher head0.194
Teacher spread0.186 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it