Influence of Macrobenthos (<i>Meretrix meretrix</i> Linnaeus) on Erosion‐Accretion Processes in Intertidal Flats: A Case Study From a Cultivation Zone
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The activity of benthic organisms can strongly influence sediment dynamics in an intertidal flat. However, few studies have conducted a quantitative assessments of the effect of benthic organisms on erosion‐accretion processes under field conditions. The aim of this study was to quantify the effects of the benthic clam Meretrix meretrix Linnaeus ( M. meretrix ) on bed erodibility and sediment erosion‐accretion processes in an intertidal flat. Within the cultivation zone at site A, M. meretrix is present in large numbers (up to 137 individuals per square meter). On the other hand, site B is located outside the cultivation zone. At this site, which is only 500 m away from site A alongshore, M. meretrix forms a sparse population with only 3.7 individuals per square meter. The results showed that the critical shear stress for erosion, denoted by τ ce , was 0.22 and 0.32 N/m 2 at sites A and B, respectively, and the magnitudes of bed‐level change were significantly higher at site A than site B. These results reveal the large effect of M. meretrix on decreasing τ ce , augmenting the erosion rate when the bed shear stress due to combined currents and waves, denoted by τ cw , was higher than τ ce , and conversely enhancing the accretion rate when τ cw < τ ce . The changes induced in these parameters are likely to have a large impact on model predictions of bed erodibility, sedimentary processes, and morphological evolution. Thus, integrated field measurements of hydrodynamic and bed‐level changes, accompanied by simultaneous biological sampling, may help to improve the parameterization of hydro‐sedimentary and morphodynamic models for shallow‐water environments.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".