Corrosion Behavior of AISI 1045 Carbon Steel in Metalworking Fluids Containing
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Microbial contamination of aqueous metalworking fluids (MWFs) is of significant concern in metal process industries. In this study, a dominant Pseudomonas sp. strain ( P. xiamenensis ) was isolated from waste metalworking fluids (WMWFs) and the biodegradation of model MWF was studied under the influence of P. xiamenensis. Results showed that nitric additives in MWF were severely degraded by bacteria, leading to a significant increase in the turbidity of the MWF. The occurrence of microbially influenced corrosion of AISI 1045 carbon steel in MWF containing P. xiamenensis , was proven by morphological analysis and electrochemical characterization. The corrosion rate of the metal in MWF in the presence of bacteria was three-fold greater than in the absence of bacteria. Electrochemical results and surface analysis elucidated that the additive film was decomposed by P. xaimenensis adhered to the steel surface and a biofilm, which was controlled by diffusion replacing the additive film. The biofilm was reinforced by the reaction of metabolites and Ca 2+ and seriously localized corrosion behavior was observed in carbon steel immersed in the bio-contaminated MWF due to the microbial influence.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".