Mechanical characterization of pore-graded bioactive glass scaffolds produced by robocasting
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Since the discovery of 45S5 Bioglass ® by Larry Hench, bioactive glasses have been widely studied as bone substitute materials and, in more recent years, have also shown great promise for producing three-dimensional scaffolds. The development of additive manufacturing techniques and their application in bone tissue engineering allows the design and fabrication of complex structures with controlled porosity. However, achieving strong and mechanically-reliable bioactive glass scaffolds is still a great challenge. Furthermore, there is a relative paucity of studies reporting an exhaustive assessment of other mechanical properties than compressive strength of glass-derived scaffolds. This research work aimed at determining key mechanical properties of silicate SiO 2 -Na 2 O-K 2 OMgO-CaO-P 2 O 5 glass scaffolds fabricated by robocasting and exhibiting a porosity gradient. When tested in compression, these scaffolds had a strength of 6 MPa, a Young’s modulus around 340 MPa, a fracture energy of 93 kJ/m 3 and a Weibull modulus of 3, which provides a quantification of the scaffold reliability and reproducibility. Robocasting was a suitable manufacturing method to obtain structures with favorable porosity and mechanical properties comparable to those of the human cancellous bone, which is fundamental regarding osteointegration of bone implants.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it