Chiral Carbon Dots Synthesized on Cellulose Nanocrystals
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Hybrid nanoparticles composed of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and carbon‐dots (C‐dots) have promising applications in chemistry, biology, and nanomedicine, owing to the photoluminescence, sensory properties, and cytocompatibility of C‐dots, and chirality, cytobiocompatibility, and high cellular uptake of CNCs. The possibility of circularly polarized luminescence in such nanoparticles is particularly attractive. Herein, scalable and straightforward hydrothermal synthesis of nitrogen‐doped fluorescent C‐dots under reflux condition by using CNCs as a carbon source and chiral substrate is reported. Under ultraviolet irradiation, hybrid C‐dot/CNC nanoparticles exhibit stronger emission of left‐handed, than right‐handed, circularly polarized light, with high dissymmetry factor up to 0.2. The nanoparticles are biocompatible: the normalized proliferation index above 100% is determined for MCF 7 cells cultured in the suspension of C‐dot/CNC nanoparticles. These hybrid nanoparticles can find applications as biotags for labeling, sensing, and therapeutics and as building blocks of photoluminescent cholesteric CNC films with photonic applications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".