Interhemispheric auditory connectivity requires normal access to sound in both ears during development
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Despite early bilateral cochlear implantation, children with congenital deafness do not develop accurate spatial hearing; we thus asked whether auditory brain networks are disrupted in these children. EEG responses were evoked unilaterally and bilaterally in 13 children with normal hearing and 16 children receiving bilateral cochlear implants simultaneously. Active cortical areas were estimated by the Time Restricted Artifact and Coherent source Suppression (TRACS) beamformer and connected cortical areas were identified by measuring coherence between source responses. A whole-brain analysis of theta band coherence revealed the strongest connections between the temporal areas in all conditions at early latencies. Stronger imaginary coherence in activity between the two auditory cortices to bilateral than unilateral input was found in children with normal hearing reflecting facilitation in the auditory network during bilateral hearing. The opposite effect, depressed coherence, was found during bilateral stimulation in children using cochlear implants. Children with cochlear implants also showed a unique auditory network in response to bilateral stimulation which was marked by increased connectivity between occipital and frontal areas. These findings suggest that cortical networks for sound processing are normally facilitated by bilateral input but are disrupted in children who hear through two independent cochlear implants. Efforts to improve hearing in children with congenital deafness must thus include corrections to potential mismatches in bilateral input to support brain development.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".