Phloroglucinol Benzophenones and Xanthones from the Leaves of <i>Garcinia cowa</i> and Their Nitric Oxide Production and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Five new compounds—two phloroglucinol benzophenones, garciniacowones F ( 1 ) and G ( 2 ), and three xanthones, garciniacowones H ( 3 ), I ( 4 ), and J ( 5 )—together with seven known xanthones ( 6 – 12 ) were isolated from the fresh leaves of Garcinia cowa . Their structures were elucidated by detailed analysis of NMR and MS data. Compounds 1 and 2 are phloroglucinol benzophenones containing a polyprenylated bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane ring system, while compounds 3 – 5 are rare xanthones having farnesyl ( 3 and 5 ) and geranylgeranyl ( 5 ) units at C-8. Compounds 1, 3, 4, 7, 8, and 10 exhibited inhibitory effects on NO production in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells with IC 50 values ranging from 5.4 to 18.6 μM. Compounds 4 and 8 had α-glucosidase inhibitory activities with IC 50 values of 15.4 and 11.4 μM, respectively, which were more potent than that of the acarbose control.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".