The Dialectic of Individual and World System: Chen Yingzhen's Move from Existentialism to Marxism
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Chen Yingzhen (1937–2016) is one of the most unique figures in modern Chinese and Taiwanese literature. A so‐called “native” Taiwanese of Southern Min heritage, Chen's writing is devoted to the depiction of the local, the ordinary, and in many cases the underclass. Yet unlike other Taiwanese, Chen was dedicated to a Marxist interpretation of Taiwan as a cog in the global system. He boldly courted ostracism from his contemporaries, refusing to join the Taiwan separatist movement. Chen began writing short stories in 1960, first on existential themes, then increasingly as critiques of global capitalism and political oppression. Chen was sentenced to life in imprisonment in 1967, but the sentence was later commuted and he was released in 1975. The key to understanding Chen's literary and critical thinking, and his status as a writer of world literature, is the dialectical nature of his writing: committed to depictions of his own local culture, he nevertheless viewed the conflicts and antagonisms within it as locked in a Manichean struggle with the global forces of economic modernity. One of his other great achievements was publishing the journalRenjian(1985–1989), which through reportage, essay journalism, and photojournalism sought to expose various forms of exploitation in Taiwan.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.025 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".