High-power supercontinuum generation in the mid-infrared pumped by a soliton self-frequency shifted source
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report the demonstration of a fiber-based supercontinuum source delivering up to 825 mW of average output power between 2.5 and 5.0 µm generated in all-normal dispersion regime. The pumping source consists of an amplified ultrafast Er 3+: ZrF 4 fiber laser providing high peak power femtosecond pulses at 3.6 µm with an average output power exceeding the watt-level. These pulses are spectrally broadened through self-phase modulation using commercial chalcogenide-based step-index fibers. Al 2 O 3 anti-reflection coatings were sputtered on chalcogenide fiber tips to increase the launching efficiency from 54% to 82%, making this record output power possible, and thus confirming that such coatings can support watt-level pumping with intense femtosecond pulses. To the best of our knowledge, this result represents the highest average output power ever achieved from a As 2 Se 3 -based mid-IR supercontinuum source with the potential of a high degree of coherence.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".