Post Disaster Reconstruction in Sindhupalchok after Earthquake 2015: Problem and Prospects
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This research has been carried out amidst of delay accomplishment of Post Disaster Reconstruction (PDR) to find out the problem and prospect of PDR in Sindhupalchowk. All data has been collected from primary and secondary source. Data from secondary source, National Reconstruction Authority, field visit and FGD has been incorporated as par requirement. Qualitative and quantitative data analysis was the main instrument for this study. The frequency, intensity, severity and ramification of disaster are increasing day by day. The number of dead, injured, displaced and damage is also increasing. Disaster is becoming a great threat for human, social, economic and environmental sustainability and for development. PDR is a program of recovery and rehabilitation phase of disaster management where actions taken to restore and improve pre-disaster living condition of affected communities. PDR is usually slow, expensive, complex and controversial issue which gives positive result only if it is carried out in well managed, transparent and participatory approach. Build back better and linking reconstruction with development and economic activities are the fundamental and essential element of successful reconstruction. Socioeconomic condition of people can be enhanced by adopting appropriate measure in PDR.
 After earthquake 2015, NRA has been established and is working all over the affected area of Nepal. Sindhupalchok is one of the most affected districts by earthquake 2015, where NRA has launched its reconstruction program which is in progress but is not as successful as expected before. Political instability, bureaucratic inefficiency, lack of sufficient finance, trained human resource and construction material, poverty and noncompliance of people are major reason behind the delay accomplishment of PDR. Government has to execute its policy strictly and people also have to be cooperative towards the government policy and should reconstruct their house according to the guidelines of NRA within given timeframe.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".