77 Performance of growing pigs fed wheat-based diets containing wheat millrun and a multi-carbohydrase enzyme
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The inclusion of wheat millrun, a low-cost milling co-product, into swine rations is limited by high non-starch polysaccharide content. The objective of these trials was to determine the response of growing pigs to wheat millrun inclusion, with or without, a multi-carbohydrase enzyme (xylanase, cellulase, amylase, glucanase, invertase). In Exp1, the effects of millrun inclusion and multi-carbohydrase on nutrient digestibility were investigated. The six treatments, arranged as a 3x2 factorial, included millrun (0, 15 or 30%) and enzymes (0 or 1 mg/kg) as main effects. Barrows (n = 48; 60.2±2.2 kg) were housed individually and fed 3×maintenance for 11d. Feces and urine were collected d8-11. In Exp2, 4 treatments (0 or 30% millrun and 0 or 1 mg/kg enzyme; 2x2 factorial) were fed to 180 pigs (60.2±2.2 kg) housed in groups of 5 until they reached 125 kg BW. The diets were isonitrogenous while energy was reduced in the millrun diets. In Exp1, apparent total-tract digestibility (ATTD) of energy and N, and digestible energy (DE) content, declined linearly (87.3 to 81.5%; 86.3 to 83.5%; 3.86 to 3.68 Mcal DE/kg DM, respectively; P < 0.01) with increasing millrun inclusion. ATTD of energy was reduced by the inclusion of the enzymes (85.0 to 84.2%; P = 0.05) but there was no effect on DE content, or N ATTD (P > 0.10). In Exp2, ADG and G:F were reduced in pigs fed millrun (P < 0.05) while pigs fed diets supplemented with enzymes had reduced G:F during the initial 14d. There was no effect of millrun or enzyme on ADFI or days to market (P > 0.10). No interactions were detected between millrun and enzyme in either Exp1 or Exp2 (P > 0.10). In conclusion, reduced ADG and energy and N digestibility, were observed with the inclusion of 30% wheat millrun in diets for growing pigs, regardless of multi-carbohydrase enzyme inclusion.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".