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Searches for neutrinos from cosmic-ray interactions in the Sun using seven years of IceCube data
M. G. Aartsen, M. Ackermann, J. Adams, J. A. Aguilar, M. Ahlers, M. Ahrens, C. Alispach, K. Andeen, T. Anderson, I. Ansseau, G. Anton, C. Argüelles, J. Auffenberg, Spencer Axani, Paul Backes, H. Bagherpour, X. Bai, Aswathi Balagopal, Anastasia Maria Barbano, S. W. Barwick, Benjamin Bastian, V. Baum, S. Baur, R. Bay, J. J. Beatty, Karl H. Becker, J. Becker Tjus, S. BenZvi, D. Berley, E. Bernardini, D. Besson, G. Binder, D. Bindig, E. Blaufuss, Summer Blot, C. Böhm, S. Böser, O. Botner, J. Böttcher, E. Bourbeau, J. Bourbeau, Federica Bradascio, J. Braun, S. Bron, J. Brostean-Kaiser, A. Burgman, J. Büscher, Raffaela Busse, T. Carver, C. Chen, E. Cheung, D. Chirkin, S. Choi, K. Clark, L. Classen, A. Coleman, G. H. Collin, J. M. Conrad, Paul Coppin, Pablo Correa, D. F. Cowen, R. Cross, Pranav Dave, C. De Clercq, James DeLaunay, H.-P. Dembinski, Kunal Deoskar, S. De Ridder, P. Desiati, K. D. de Vries, G. de Wasseige, M. de With, T. DeYoung, Alejandro Diaz, J. C. Díaz–Vélez, Hrvoje Dujmović, M. Dunkman, Emily Dvorak, B. Eberhardt, T. Ehrhardt, P. Eller, R. Engel, P. A. Evenson, S. Fahey, A. R. Fazely, J. Felde, K. Filimonov, C. Finley, D. B. Fox, A. Franckowiak, Edward Friedman, Alexander Fritz, T. K. Gaisser, J. S. Gallagher, Erik Ganster, S. Garrappa, L. Gerhardt, K. Ghorbani, Theo Glauch, T. Glüsenkamp, A. Goldschmidt, J.G. Gonzalez, D. Grant, T. Grégoire, Z. Griffith, S. Griswold, M. Günder, Mehmet Gündüz, Christian Haack, A. Hallgren, R. Halliday, L. Halve, F. Halzen, K. Hanson, A. Haungs, D. Hebecker, D. Heereman, P. Heix, K. Helbing, R. Hellauer, F. Henningsen, S. Hickford, J. Hignight, G. C. Hill, K. D. Hoffman, R. Hoffmann, Tobias Hoinka, Benjamin Hokanson-Fasig, K. Hoshina, F. Huang, M. E. Huber, Thomas Huber, K. Hultqvist, M. Hünnefeld, Raamis Hussain, S. In, N. Iovine, A. Ishihara, G. S. Japaridze, Minjin Jeong, K. Jero, B. J. P. Jones, F. Jonske, R. Joppe, Woosik Kang, A. Kappes, David Kappesser, T. Karg, M. Karl, A. Karle, U. Katz, M. Kauer, J. L. Kelley, Ali Kheirandish, J. Kim, T. Kintscher, J. Kiryluk, T. Kittler, Ramesh Koirala, H. Kolanoski, L. Köpke, Claudio Kopper, S. Kopper, D. J. Koskinen, M. Kowalski, K. Krings, G. Krückl, N. Kulacz, N. Kurahashi, A. Kyriacou, J. L. Lanfranchi, M. J. Larson, Frederik Hermann Lauber, Jeffrey Lazar, Agnieszka Leszczyńska, M. Leuermann, Qinrui Liu, Elisa Lohfink, L. Lu, Francesco Lucarelli, J. Lünemann, William Luszczak, W. Y., J. Madsen, G. Maggi, K. B. M. Mahn, Yuya Makino, P. Mallik, K. Mallot, Sarah Mancina, Ioana Codrina Mariş, R. Maruyama, K. Mase, R. Maunu, Frank McNally, K. Meagher, M. Medici, Andrés Medina, Maximilian Meier, S. Meighen-Berger, G. Merino, T. Meures, J. Micallef, D. Mockler, G. Momenté, T. Montaruli, R. W. Moore, R. Morse, Marjon Moulai, P. Muth, R. Nagai, Uwe Naumann, G. Neer, Hans Niederhausen, M. U. Nisa, Sarah Nowicki, D. R. Nygren, A. Obertacke Pollmann, M. Oehler, A. Olivas, A. O’Murchadha, Erin O’Sullivan, T. Palczewski, Hershal Pandya, D. V. Pankova, N. Park, P. Peiffer, C. Pérez de los Heros, S. Philippen, D. Pieloth, E. Pinat, A. Pizzuto, M. Plum, A. Porcelli, P. Buford Price, G. T. Przybylski, Christoph Raab, A. Raissi, M. Rameez, L. Rauch, K. Rawlins, I. C. Rea, R. Reimann, B. Relethford, M. Renschler, Giovanni Renzi, E. Resconi, W. Rhode, M. Richman, S. Robertson, Martin Rongen, C. Rott, T. Ruhe, D. Ryckbosch, D. Rysewyk, I. Safa, S. E. Sanchez Herrera, Alexander Sandrock, J. Sandroos, M. Santander, S. Sarkar, K. Satalecka, Merlin Schaufel, H. Schieler, P. Schlunder, T. Schmidt, A. Schneider, J. Schneider, Frank Schröder, L. Schumacher, S. Sclafani, D. Seckel, S. Seunarine, S. Shefali, M. Silva, R. Snihur, Jan Soedingrekso, D. Soldin, M. Song, G. M. Spiczak, C. Spiering, Juliana Stachurska, M. Stamatikos, Todor Stanev, Robert Stein, J. Stettner, A. Steuer, T. Stezelberger, R. G. Stokstad, A. Stößl, N. L. Strotjohann, T. Stürwald, Thomas Stuttard, G. W. Sullivan, I. Taboada, F. Tenholt, S. Ter–Antonyan, A. Terliuk, S. Tilav, Kirsten Tollefson, L. Tomankova, Christoph Tönnis, S. Toscano, D. Tosi, A. Trettin, M. Tselengidou, C. F. Tung, A. Turcati, Roxanne Turcotte, Colin Turley, B. Ty, E. Unger, Martin Unland Elorrieta, M. Usner, J. Vandenbroucke, W. Van Driessche, D. van Eijk, N. van Eijndhoven, J. V. Santen, S. Verpoest, M. Vraeghe, C. Walck, A. Wallace, M. Wallraff, N. Wandkowsky, Timothyblake Watson, C. Weaver, A. Weindl, Matthew J. Weiss, Jan Weldert, C. Wendt, J. Werthebach, B. J. Whelan, N. Whitehorn, K. Wiebe, C. H. Wiebusch, L. Wille, D. R. Williams, L. Wills, Martin Wolf, J. Wood, T. R. Wood, K. Woschnagg, Gerrit Wrede, Dawei Xu, Xiaolin Xu, Y. Xu, G. Yodh, S. Yoshida, Tianlu Yuan, M. Zöcklein
Bibliographic record
VenueJournal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · 2021
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPhysics and Astronomy
TopicAstrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
Canadian institutionsUniversity of AlbertaSnolab
FundersJapan Society for the Promotion of ScienceDeutsches Elektronen-SynchrotronScience and Technology Facilities CouncilNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaOffice of Polar ProgramsCollege of Engineering, Michigan State UniversityHelmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle PhysicsInstitute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba UniversityRWTH Aachen UniversityKnut och Alice Wallenbergs StiftelseVillum FondenNational Research Foundation of KoreaFonds Wetenschappelijk OnderzoekMarsden FundBundesministerium für Bildung und ForschungDanmarks GrundforskningsfondSchweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen ForschungNational Science FoundationBelgian Federal Science Policy OfficeDeutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftMichigan State UniversityNational Research FoundationWestern Canada Research GridFonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRSPolarforskningssekretariatetUniversity of OxfordChiba UniversitySantenCompute CanadaMarquette UniversityUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonU.S. Department of EnergyVetenskapsrådet
KeywordsPhysicsNeutrinoCosmic rayAstronomyCOSMIC cancer databaseAstrophysicsCosmic neutrino backgroundAstroparticle physicsNeutrino astronomyNeutrino detectorParticle physicsNeutrino oscillation
Abstract
Cosmic-ray interactions with the solar atmosphere are expected to produce particle showers which in turn produce neutrinos from weak decays of mesons. These solar atmospheric neutrinos (SAs) have never been observed experimentally. A detection would be an important step in understanding cosmic-ray propagation in the inner solar system and the dynamics of solar magnetic fields. SAs also represent an irreducible background to solar dark matter searches and a detection would allow precise characterization of this background.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.606
Threshold uncertainty score0.289
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
Opus teacher head0.074
GPT teacher head0.323
Teacher spread0.249 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designTheoretical or conceptual
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".
Quick stats
Citations12
Published2021
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes