B-type natriuretic peptide and tissue doppler for predicting symptoms on treadmill exercise in apparently asymptomatic aortic stenosis.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY: Exercise-induced symptoms are associated with early changes in left ventricular (LV) function. Blood B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and tissue Doppler indices (tDi) also reflect early LV dysfunction, and may therefore predict the development of symptoms. The study aim was to compare BNP levels and tDi for predicting symptoms on treadmill exercise in apparently asymptomatic aortic stenosis (AS). METHODS: A total of 65 patients (mean age 66 years) with an aortic effective orifice area <1.5 cm2 who were asymptomatic on formal questioning, underwent transthoracic echocardiography, measurement of blood BNP level, and exercise testing using a modified Bruce protocol. RESULTS: A blood BNP level >58 pg/ml had a sensitivity of 86% and specificity of 64% (AUC = 0.81) for the development of symptoms on exercise testing. The combined tDi index of peak systolic shortening velocity <8 cm/s and E/Ea >15 had a sensitivity of 52% and specificity of 73%. In patients with no symptoms on exercise, 27% with a blood BNP level >58 pg/ml compared to 7% with a level < or =58 pg/ml developed symptoms during follow up. CONCLUSION: The study results suggested that patients with a blood BNP level < or =58 pg/ml can be seen up to one year, while those with a BNP level >58 pg/ml required exercise testing and a more frequent follow up. The combined tissue Doppler indices gave a similar, but less accurate, stratification.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".