Optical variability of some quasars important to ICRF-Gaia CRF link
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Gaia optical observations started a few years ago. As a result, the Gaia Celestial Reference Frame (Gaia CRF) should replace the International CRF (ICRF). This could be done via extragalactic radio sources (mostly quasars - QSOs) visible in optical domain. During about 2.5 years (for the period July 2016 { April 2019) of our original observations of some QSOs outside ICRF list we collected observations in the V and R bands for five objects and their 30 comparison stars. Photometry stability of these objects is of importance for astrometry and the mentioned link. Because of it we did investigation of brightness variability of objects and their suitable comparison stars, and the F{test was performed. As a result, only the brightness of one object (1556+335) does not show variability. Other four objects were examined to determine the quasiperiods of their light curves using the method of Least Squares: 1535+231 (3.1 years in V, and 1.7 and 5.2 years in R filter), 1607+604 (2.7 years in V, and 1.3 and 2.3 years in R), 1722+119 (1.3 and 2.7 years in V, and 1.3 and 5.3 years in R), and 1741+597 (6.5 years in V, and 1.3 and 4.0 years in R). After a similar analysis of variability of comparison stars, the conclusion is that all of them are useful for differential photometry. Also, we provide our finding charts for these objects with suitable comparison stars.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it