Responding to violence in the homeland : identity and transnational activism within the Indian Christian diaspora
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Within the last twenty years, instances of violence against Christian minorities in India have drawn international attention. The rise of the Hindu nationalist movement and concordant political shifts are often cited as precipitating factors to what many deem as systematic religious persecution. However, few sociological studies have investigated how Indian Christians in diaspora have reacted to these significant events. To explore this topic, I employed a qualitative, phenomenological approach including in-depth interviews with forty-seven individuals residing in the United States and Canada, participant observation at six events, and a review of diasporic and India-based media. Throughout this dissertation, I advance the argument that diaspora Indian Christians perceptions of and responses to persecution are connected in a nuanced way to translocational positionality. More specifically, remembrances of persecution events, perceptions of the causes of these events, types of transnational responses, motivations for spiritual and/or political forms of activism, and engagement in ecumenical and/or interreligious networks are inherently linked and best understood within an integrated theoretical framework including translocational positionality, transnational social fields, memory, and the social ecological model. Although religiosity was a key motivating factor for Indian Christians to engage in political and spiritual responses across transnational social fields, other aspects of positionality, such as translocational residence, ethno-linguistic identity, and caste influenced other factors such as how, why, and with whom diaspora Indian Christians decided to respond to persecution events. This research also raises additional questions about the role of personal experiences of persecution and the transnational impact of diaspora politics.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.012 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".