Three Dimensional Dynamic Model Development and Validation for Stranded Cables
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Interactions between cables and structures affect the design and non-destructive testing of electricity transmission lines, guyed towers, and bridges. In order to understand the effect of conductors on dynamics of utility poles, a three dimensional dynamic model for stranded cables is presented based on the bond graph formalism and validated through experimentation. The cable is modeled considering the bending stiffness, tension and sag due to self-weight. The model consists of three-dimensional rigid segments, connected with translational and rotational springs and dampers. To validate the model, an instrumented set up for a stranded cable was tested in the laboratory and the model was validated in both the in-plane and out-of-plane directions in the frequency domain by measuring the cable response to hammer impacts in both directions. Time domain response obtained from simulation was also validated with experimental time response by performing a free vibration test. A set up was designed and built to accurately measure the bending stiffness of a stranded cable in different tensions and the measured values for bending stiffness were used in the numerical model. It was observed that the bending stiffness increased with the increase in tension. The modal properties of the cable were obtained numerically and experimentally for different tensions and consequently for different amounts of sag. The model is verified to have sufficient fidelity to predict the dynamics of cables undergoing both in-plane and out-of-plane motion, and can be used in a pole-cable system model to investigate the effect of cable on dynamics on poles or structures.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".