Sensitivity of a classic DNAzyme for Pb<sup>2+</sup> modulated by cations, anions and buffers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
GR5 is the first reported DNAzyme, which has RNA cleavage activity in the presence of Pb2+. Due to its excellent selectivity, GR5 has been a popular DNAzyme for developing biosensors for Pb2+. The activity of DNAzymes is often affected by pH and salt, which may in turn affect the sensitivity of related sensors. Although pH can be readily controlled by using a buffer, the effect of salt is more complex. To have a systematic understanding, we herein measured the cleavage activity of GR5 in various concentrations of Na+ and Mg2+. Both metals inhibited the DNAzyme with Pb2+, and the inhibition constants were 1.8 mM Mg2+ and 33.4 mM Na+. For anions, F- inhibited GR5 more strongly than Br-, while Cl- was the least inhibiting anion, which was consistent with the solubility of their lead salts. The reaction can work similarly in many Good's buffers, while phosphate buffer should be avoided. Finally, GR5 is an optimal sequence based on the truncation and elongation studies. This study reveals important solution conditions that should be considered when designing and testing related biosensors for metal detection.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".