051 Implementing a school prevention program to reduce injuries through neuromuscular training (iSPRINT): a cluster-randomized controlled trial
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background The effectiveness of neuromuscular training (NMT) programs in preventing injuries in youth sport is well documented, however there is little evidence on NMT programs delivered in school physical education (PE). Objective To assess the effectiveness of iSPRINT, a NMT warm-up implemented in PE classes in reducing injuries and improving performance. Design Cluster-randomized controlled trial. Setting Junior high schools in Calgary, Canada. Patients (or Participants) 1,067 students (12 schools; ages 11–16; 53.7% female). Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors) Following a workshop, teachers delivered a 12-week NMT (6 schools) or standard-of-practice (6 schools) warm-up at the beginning of PE classes. Main Outcome Measurements Validated injury surveillance included sport/recreational injuries resulting in time loss from activity or medical attention. Predicted-VO2max, vertical jump, and single-leg eyes-closed dynamic balance on foam pad were measured at baseline and 12-weeks. Multiple multilevel regression analyses (adjusting for previous injury and random effect by school and class) estimated injury incidence rate ratios (IRR) (Poisson regression considering interaction with sex) and mean changes in performance (linear regression). Results iSPRINT was protective against all injuries (IRR=0.543, 95%CI; 0.295–0.998), lower extremity injuries (IRR=0.357, 95%CI; 0.159–0.799) and medically-treated injuries (IRR=0.289, 95%CI; 0.135–0.619) in girls but not boys (IRR=0.866, 95%CI; 0.425–1.766, 1.055, 95%CI; 0.404–2.753, and 0.639, 95%CI; 0.266–1.532; respectively). Mean baseline balance times (seconds) were similar between iSPRINT (7.4, SD+/-2.6) and control participants (6.9, SD+/-2.2). At 12-weeks mean balance time was greater in iSPRINT group (9.1 SD+/-2.6) than control (7.9, SD+/-6.5). The difference in mean change over 12-weeks favoured the iSPRINT group (1.2 seconds, 95%CI; 0.2–2.1). No between group differences were observed for changes in predicted-VO2max or vertical jump. Conclusions An NMT program is effective in reducing injuries in girls and improving dynamic balance in all youth. This research informs the current standard-of-practice warm-up in youth PE. Future research should consider exercise fidelity differences between girls and boys.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.013 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".