Highly selective absorption separation of H<sub>2</sub>S and CO<sub>2</sub> from CH<sub>4</sub> by novel azole‐based protic ionic liquids
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Recently, the selective removal of H2S and CO2 has been highly desired in natural gas sweetening. Herein, four novel azole‐based protic ionic liquids (PILs) were designed and prepared through one‐step neutralization reaction. The solubility of H2S (0–1.0 bar), CO2 (0–1.0 bar), and CH4 (0–5.0 bar) was systematically measured at temperatures from 298.2 to 333.2 K. NMR and theoretical calculation were used to investigate the reaction mechanism between these PILs and H2S. Reaction equilibrium thermodynamic model (RETM) was screened to correlate the H2S solubility. Impressively, 1,5‐diazabicyclo[4,3,0] non‐5‐ene 1,2,4‐1H‐imidazolide ([DBNH][1,2,4‐triaz]) shows the highest H2S solubility (1.4 mol/mol or 7.3 mol/kg at 298.2 K and 1.0 bar) and superior H2S/CH4 (831) and CO2/CH4 (199) selectivities compared with literature results. Considering the excellent absorption capacity of H2S, high H2S/CH4, and CO2/CH4 selectivity, acceptable reversibility, as well as facile preparation process, it is believed that azole‐based PILs provide an attractive alternative in natural gas upgrading process.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".