Templated synthesis of nickel nanoparticles embedded in a carbon layer within silica capsules
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The encapsulation of small non-noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) within an inorganic layer has received considerable attention owing to their enhanced stability and high catalytic activity. Using a combination of emulsion-free polymerization, inner RF-Ni2+ and outer SiO2 coating, and subsequent carbonization treatment, herein, we have fabricated worm-like structured Ni-based composites in which a high density of nickel NPs are embedded in a carbon layer and also entrapped by SiO2 nanocages. We find that the carbonization temperature plays a vital role in adjusting the size of the Ni NPs. A detailed examination of the encapsulated nickel particles synthesized at 700 °C exhibited the best performance on the catalysis of the reduction of 4-NPs. Moreover, owing to the good alloying ability of the Ni NPs with noble metal NPs, the Ni-Pd alloy NPs are also entrapped in the SiO2 nanocages, which exhibit better performance on the catalysis than the Ni-based composites. The encapsulation of Ni-Pd alloys within SiO2 nanocages also improves stability against agglomeration and metal separation during catalytic operation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".