Stabilisation of a clay soil by ion injection using an electrical field
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A programme of experiments was conducted to study the use of the electro-kinetic technique to transport a stabilising chemical agent through a clay soil. The experimental tests were undertaken on a clay soil in a special apparatus by applying a constant voltage gradient across the sample to introduce a solution of calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) with different concentrations in the soil. The variations of shear strength across the sample resulting from the electro-kinetic process were determined. The experiments were conducted in two groups. In the first group, the electro-osmosis method was used for soil samples with distilled water. In the second group, the electro-kinetic technique was applied to the soil to transport the solution of calcium chloride with varying concentrations through the pores in the soil. The results showed that the strength of soil increased for both groups and the amount of increase in the second group was dependent on the concentration of calcium chloride injected into the soil. The injection of this stabiliser also increased the electric current and electro-osmotic permeability.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".