Capillary flow of sodium and zinc ionomers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The capillary flow properties of several commercial ionomers (sodium and zinc) were studied to assess their processability in terms of instabilities such as wall slip and melt fracture. Using capillary dies of various diameters and lengths to control capillary extrusion pressure, it was found that the viscosity of these polymers exhibits a relatively small dependence on pressure, more importantly at relatively smaller pressures. Using capillaries of various diameters at fixed length-to-diameter ratios, it was also found that the no-slip boundary condition is a valid assumption for these polymers due to the strong ionic associations and strong interactions with the capillary wall. All ionomers were found to exhibit gross melt fracture (no sharkskin), a phenomenon more dominantly observed at lower temperatures. The occurrence of gross melt fracture and the absence of surface (sharkskin) melt fracture is a characteristic of extensional strain-hardening polymers, noting that all ionomers examined exhibit this phenomenon. The critical shear stress for the onset of gross melt fracture was found to depend on the lifetime of associations, τS (τS∝ZE/ZS21/5, where ZE is the number of entanglements and ZS is the number of associations), independent of temperature, molecular weight, and type of ion (zinc or sodium).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".