PRESERVATION OF <i>NEUROPTERIS OVATA</i> IN ROOF SHALE AND IN FLUVIAL CREVASSE-SPLAY FACIES (LATE PENNSYLVANIAN, SYDNEY COALFIELD, CANADA). PART I: AN INFRARED-BASED CHEMOMETRIC MODEL
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Analytical questions relating to the influence of sedimentation on the preservation states of Carboniferous plant fossils are seldom addressed in the literature. Here we address specifically the influence facies differences have on preservation states and suggest how they can be analyzed. The case study involves the seed fern Neuropteris ovata (Hoffmann) that occurs as opaque pinnules in the roof shale and as transparent pinnules in an associated crevasse-splay of the basal Cantabrian in age, Point Aconi Coal Seam, Sydney Coalfield, Canada. The color differences imply different molecular pathways for organic matter transformation over geological time, which resulted in production of compression fossils in the roof shale and fossilized-cuticle in the crevasse-splay, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy methods are used to quantify functional groups, and the derived data are chemometrically evaluated. Results indicate that the compressions are, as anticipated, characterized in the crevasse-splay facies by a predominantly aromatic composition. The fossilized-cuticles, however, are mainly characterized by oxygen-containing aliphatics, confirming the influence of facies changes on preservation states of the species studied. Implications for preservation, taxonomy, and paleoecology are emphasized.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".