Cytokine levels in patients (pts) with localized colorectal cancer (CRC) after surgery and their relationship to fatigue and cognitive function
Bibliographic record
Abstract
3623 Background: Cytokines have been associated with fatigue and cognitive dysfunction. Here we evaluate cytokine levels in pts with CRC as part of a longitudinal study evaluating these symptoms. Methods: Serum levels of 12 cytokines were measured using a LiquiChip assay on pts with localized CRC at baseline (mean 7 weeks post-surgery or before neoadjuvant therapy), 6 and 12 months. Group A (Stage III/high risk II) received chemotherapy (CT) and group B (Stage I/II) received no CT. Pts completed concurrent questionnaires for fatigue & QOL (FACT-F), anxiety/depression (GHQ), and perception of cognitive function (FACT-COG); they had neuropsychological (NP) assessment with traditional tests and CANTAB, a computerized NP battery. Associations between cytokine levels, test results, demographic and disease-related factors were sought. Results: Baseline data are available for 82 pts: 65 group A and 17 group B, with follow-up at 6 and 12 months for 32 and 15 pts. Mean age was 58 years and 68% were male. Cytokine levels were elevated in all groups with larger ranges after surgery (selected data in table ); in healthy people they are generally undetectable. There was cognitive impairment at baseline in 28% on traditional NP tests. At 6 months CT pts had more fatigue (median FACT-F 43 vs 47), perceived more cognitive impairment (median FACT-COG 127 vs 138), and had more cognitive impairment on CANTAB (42% vs 17%), but not on traditional NP tests (32% vs 33%). At 6 months, elevated cytokines (IL-1,-6,-8,-12, TNF, IFN) were associated with greater deficit on CANTAB (p<0.06); there was no association of cytokines with time from surgery, traditional NP test score, FACT-COG, fatigue, QOL or anxiety & depression. Conclusions: Cytokine levels were elevated in most pts. Cognitive impairment is present in some pts prior to chemotherapy and CT pts have worse impairment on computerized NP tests than non-CT pts. Elevated cytokines may be associated with worse cognitive function. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".