Egress from a Hospital Ward During Fire Emergency
Bibliographic record
Abstract
There are many issues in a hospital evacuation, related both to conditions of the patients and to building complexity. Moreover, as consequences of fire, there may be delays in surgeries and medical diagnosis, or interruption in treatment for both inpatient and outpatient. This work identifies and assesses problems that arise in the egress from the ward located at third floor of the Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital of Rome, using a simulation software. Moreover, we perform a comparison between simulation results and experimental results by means of a real fire drill. We have considered a maximum of 116 people in the ward to its maximum capacity. We have created three different fire scenarios: fire in the electrical room, in the kitchen room and in a patient room. The time needed to evacuate fully the ward was far behind the fire resistance time of the structures. More than that, there was an overcrowded area in the ward that acted as a bottleneck: the so-called "smoke proof filter"; this area is intended to separates the two near wards and, although built according to the Italian fire department regulation, it holds back people and beds.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".