A NEW SPECIES OF HELIGMOSOMOIDES (NEMATODA: HELIGMOSOMIDAE) IN PEROMYSCUS MANICULATUS (RODENTIA: CRICETIDAE) FROM CANADA WITH NOTES ON THE PHYLOGENETIC APPRAISAL OF HELIGMOSOMOIDES IN NORTH AMERICA
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A new species of Heligmosomoides Hall, 1916 is proposed for nematodes collected from Peromyscus maniculatus (Wagner) in western Canada. The diagnostic trait for this species is the presence of 2 ventral bulbs on the bursal membrane. Only 3 species, Heligmosomoides bullosus, Heligmosomoides vandegrifti, and Heligmosomoides douglasi, are characterized as possessing a bursal membrane. However, the bursal membrane of the specimens herein described feature 2 parts that resemble calluses or bobbles, whereas there is only 1 in Heligmosomoides vandegrifti, Heligmosomoides bullosus, and Heligmosomoides douglasi. Further, the new species can be differentiated by the size of spicules 759–892 μm, which are longer than those in Heligmosomoides vandegrifti 635–740 μm, yet smaller than those of Heligmosomoides douglasi, which are 1 mm. The genetic distance between Heligmosomoides bibullosus sp. nov, and its putative sister clade Heligmosomoides vandegrifti is congruent with their geographical separation of 4,000km. Finally, this study suggests the monophyly of Heligmosomoides in North America, which includes worms infecting species of the Cricetidae, Geomyidae, Arvicolidae, and Muridae.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".