Analyzing Sports Participation Motivations of Students with Hearing Impairment—Istanbul City Example
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the sports participation motivation level of students with hearing impairment continuously participating in high-school for disabled individuals. The study is designed for the quantitative research model and conducted with descriptive, relational survey model. Survey method was adopted for data collection tool of this study. Personal information form and sports participation motivation in students with hearing impairment scales were applied. For data analysis, frequency analysis is conducted for demographic information. For two-variable data, the t-test is used and for multiple variables, Anova tests are used. Total of 82 students with hearing impairment among which 29 are female and 53 are male between 14-33 (±17.6) years old participated in this study. Sports participation motivation of students with hearing impairment sub-dimensions consist of internal motivation with the highest score (x=9.25), external motivation average (x=±3.83) and lack of motivation average (x=2.59). There is no significant difference between gender, class and sports participation motivation sub-dimensions. Lack of motivation sub-dimension of answers to “Does anyone in your family do sports?” question shows a significant difference. There is no meaningful difference for the other two sub-dimensions as internal and external sub-dimensions. As a result of this study, it is reasonable to express that sports participation reasons of students with hearing impairment are not affected from internal or external motivation, and students do not know the exact reason for participating in sports owing to lack of motivation sub-dimension.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".