Upper Eyelid Isolated Arterio-Venous Malformation Treated With Embolization in a Patient With Keloid-Prone Skin
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ocular adnexal aterio-venous malformations (AVMs) are rare congenital disabling anomalies, which may enlarge causing disfiguring deformity and rarely severe hemorrhage. These lesions are generally treated by preliminary endovascular embolization to shrink the arterio-venous malformation, followed by surgical gross total resection. The authors report a case of eyelid arterio-venous malformation in a 12-year-old girl, which progressively increased in size in few months. The patient complained mild itching, blurring of the vision, and mild tenderness. Magnetic resonance imaging showed an expansive mass with multiple arterial vessels at the left superior eyelid and left forehead. The diagnosis of arterio-venous malformation was then confirmed by digital subtraction angiography. Primary surgical excision was excluded because of the high risk of intrasurgical bleeding. Embolization through superselective cannulation of the left external carotid feeder vessels was performed resulting in flow exclusion up to the 80% of the nidus. Subsequent surgical resection was not recommended due to clinical evidence of keloid-prone skin.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".