Studies on Development of Alternaria Blight on Rapeseed-Mustard and Spray Schedule of Fungicide for its Management
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
India is one of the largest rapeseed–mustard growing countries in the world occupying the third position in area and in production after China and Canada with 12% of world’s total production. Rapeseed-mustard is the second most important oilseed crop in the country after groundnut and accounts for nearly 30.7% of the total oilseed production in the country. At global level rapeseed–mustard is cultivated on 36.15 m ha with production of 71.09 MT. Alternaria blight caused by Alternaria brassicae and Alternaria brassicicola has become one of the important diseases of this crop in the country. This disease attacks on stems, leaves and pods. Partial resistance to Alternaria blight was observed in varieties GSL-5, Pusa aditya, Kiran, RH-479, Sheetal, GSL-2, GSL-1 as they are recorded with less number of spots/10 cm2, small size of spot, less sporulation, less per cent disease severity, less infection rate, less leaf defoliation and higher yield. The last appearance of disease was noted on genotype GSL-5, (53 DAS) followed by Kiran (52 DAS). Significantly lower per cent disease severity on leaves was recorded on cultivar GSL-5 (12.35%) followed by Kiran (14.12%), Pusa aditya (14.16%) and GSL-2 (15.37%), respectively. The minimum infection rate on leaves was recorded on cultivar GSL-5 (0.214) followed by Pusa aditya (0.218).The maximum infection rate was recorded on leaves on cultivar KBS-3 (0.229) followed by PS-66 and T-27 (0.228) respectively. In fungicidal management plot three sprays of Nativo 75 EC @ 0.08%, one at DI, second and third at 15 days intervals and three sprays of Nativo 75 EC @ 0.08%, one at DI, second at flowering and third at poding stage showed low per cent disease severity, low infection rate, higher yield and higher avoidable yield loss compared to other treatments. These treatment are proved to be effective compared to other treatments. While control plot showed high per cent disease severity, high infection rate, lower yield and lower avoidable yield loss compared to other treatments. The maximum benefit cost ratio (1:7.72) was obtained with two spray of Nativo 75 EC @ 0.08%, one at FS and second at poding stage followed by three spray of Nativo 75 EC @ 0.08%, one at DI, second and third at 15 days intervals (1:7.56). On the basis of above findings it may be concluded that Alternaria blight can causes extent of yield losses in yield of rapeseed-mustard up to 41.16% in eastern Uttar Pradesh. To manage the disease 3 sprays of Nativo @ 0.08 % was most economical and can be recommended to the farmers of blight prove areas.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Direct model labels (unvalidated)
Per-model category and study-design labels from the labeling rounds. They are machine output, unvalidated, and the disagreement between models ships as data. No study design here is MEDLINE-validated yet.
| Model arm | Categories | Study design | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| gemma | no category Domain: not available · Genre: Empirical About the Canadian research system: no · About a Canadian topic: no | Bench or experimental | low |
| gpt | no category Domain: not available · Genre: Empirical About the Canadian research system: no · About a Canadian topic: no | Bench or experimental | low |
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it