Ni+ and He+ Implantation Effects on the Hardness and Microstructure of Heat-Treated X750 Superalloy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Nickel and Helium ion implantation-induced hardening and microstructural evolution of X750 in the heat-treated (HT) and solution annealed (SA) conditions were investigated using nano-indentation hardness testing and electron microscopy (scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM)). Irradiation crystal damage up to ψ = 5 dpa was invoked with Ni+ implantation while He+ implantation up to CHe = 5000 appm was performed on samples the HT and SA conditions. The X750 alloy displayed generally increasing hardness with increasing Ni+ implantation damage but a perturbation in the trend occurred when ψ ≤ 0.5 dpa, and the hardness dropped by about 30% and 2% for the HT and the SA samples, respectively. TEM analysis indicated that this softening was associated with disordering and dissolution of the γ′ strengthening phase. The hardening behavior observed at higher implantation damage (ψ = 1 dpa) resulted in reformation of Al/Ti-rich regions within the microstructure phase. The hardness of the X750 increased continuously with increasing implanted He+ up to CHe = 1000 appm. This was associated with the formation of helium bubbles as observed by TEM. Slight drop in hardness in the HT condition at CHe = 5000 appm indicated that high levels of He+ implantation destabilize the γ′ precipitates as was confirmed with TEM observed disappearance of γ′ super-lattice reflections.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".