Multi-Phase-Field Model of Intergranular Corrosion Kinetics in Sensitized Metallic Materials
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Improperly heat-treated metals exhibit preferential corrosion along sensitized grain boundaries when exposed to a corrosive electrolyte. This localized corrosion process is commonly known as Intergranular Corrosion (IGC). A multi-phase-field (MPF) model is presented to quantitatively predict IGC kinetics in metallic materials. The total free energy of the system is defined in terms of chemical, gradient and electromigration energy. The system is defined by a set of phase field variables which evolve due to the minimization of Gibbs free energy of the system. The simulation results show that IGC predicted by two-dimensional MPF model agrees well with the experimental results. The model also predicts plane-direction-dependent IGC in rolled sheets, commonly observed in the experimental studies. It is also observed that the corrosion process becomes transport controlled even at lower values of applied potentials due to the saturation of the metal ions in the corroded grain boundaries region. A three-dimensional study is also presented to show the practical applications of using this MPF model for complex three-dimensional geometries.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".