Sustainable Thermosets Obtained by Copolymerization of Humins with Triglycidyl Ether of Phloroglucinol
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The environmental pollution is growing continuously - causing a worldwide problem. Production and use of petroleum-based materials but also huge quantities of industrial wastes are important factors that affect the well-being of the environment. New scientific researches place great emphasis on waste valorization, and also on developing new environmentally friendly bio-based materials. In this work we focus on the valorization of humins, a biorefinery side product, by its copolymerization with a bio-based triepoxide. In this manner we produce materials with a very high bio-based carbon content (BCC) » 94%. The physico-chemical and mechanical properties of the cured bio-based resins were investigated using different technics as TGA, DMA, Shore hardness test, water absorption and solvents resistance. It was revealed that the obtained materials present very good mechanical properties with values of E’ in glassy region » 3.7–5 GPa. The tan δ – maxima of the three humins-based resins are ranging from 122 to 154 °C. The thermosets’ hardness values » 82–85 SD confirm the stiffness of these materials.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".