Damage Evolution During Rock Pulverization Induced by Dynamic Compressive Loading
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Rock pulverization is a geological process in which fault zone rocks are shattered in situ, into fine grains much smaller than the original grain size, without significant shear strain. Investigations regarding the genesis of pulverized fault zone rock (PFZR) suggested that it is a coseismic phenomenon and may be closely associated with supershear earthquakes. The observation of dynamic damage evolution is thus significant for understanding the rock pulverization mechanism due to dynamic compressive load. In this study, the damage evolution of Laurentian granite under dynamic compression loading is studied by using the strain control technique in a split Hopkinson pressure bar system. Dynamic compression experiments are performed under different maximum strain levels and different loading rates. Tested specimens are recovered for postmortem examination with X‐ray micro‐computed tomography and microscopic observation. 3‐D microcrack networks due to different dynamic loading rates are examined, and the evolution of the crack volume and crack number at various loading rates are analyzed. The results reveal that the pulverization process during dynamic compression loading is categorized into three stages. Both a high loading rate and a sufficient strain are necessary for the rock pulverization to occur. The main features of fractures during rock pulverization are discussed, and the total dissipated energy for dynamic fracture and pulverization is quantified.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".