Abstract TMP110: Antithrombotic Therapy and Risk of Stroke Recurrence in Children With Congenital and Acquired Cardiac Disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Antithrombotic therapy (ATT) is currently recommended for stroke prevention in pediatric cardioembolic arterial ischemic stroke (CE-AIS) where the risk of recurrence is high. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of a prospectively enrolled cohort of neonates and children with radiologically-confirmed cardioembolic arterial ischemic stroke (CE-AIS) from January 2003 - December 2017. We evaluated the clinical and radiographic predictors of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) and stroke recurrence to assess the safety and efficacy of ATT. Results: Eighty-two children met inclusion criteria [53.7% males and 28% neonates; median age 0.43 (IQR: 0.08 - 4.23) years]. Stroke recurred in 11 children at a median of 32 days (IQR: 5.5 - 93) from the index event. Most recurrent infarcts were silent (n=6; 54.5%) and found on follow-up neuroimaging with an average follow-up interval of 4.1 ±3 .5 years. Procedure-related recurrence took place in 1 (9.1%) child. Ten (90.9%) children were receiving antithrombotic therapy at the time of recurrence: 8 (72.7%) were on anticoagulant therapy (ACT) and 2 (18.2%) were on a combination of antiplatelet (ATP) and ACT. HT occurred in 20 of 82 children (24.4%), all of whom were receiving ACT, 5 (6.1%) of whom were symptomatic. Four (4.9%) had systemic hemorrhage. There was no difference in the frequency of stroke recurrence between those with and without HT [3 (15.0%) vs. 8 (12.9%); p=1.00]. Children with univentricular physiology were less likely to have HT [15% vs. 43.5%; p=0.03] and had higher rates of recurrent stroke, prior to definitive cardiac repair, despite receiving ATT. Stroke recurrence was highest in those with cyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD) pre-surgery (3/11), cyanotic CHD post-palliative surgery with residual right-to-left-shunt (3/11) and in those with cardiomyopathy (4/11). HT was not associated with ATP vs. ACT use nor combination therapy. Conclusion: ATT appears to be relatively safe in children with CE-AIS. However, ATT warrants further optimization to prevent stroke recurrence, particularly in those with single ventricle physiology and reduced left ventricular function.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".