SEX-SPECIFIC ENERGY ABSORPTION STRATEGIES DURING UNANTICIPATED SINGLE-LEG LANDINGS IN ADOLESCENTS: IMPLICATIONS FOR KNEE INJURIES
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: The vast majority of ACL injuries in adolescents occur during non-contact injuries, in particular single-leg landings. The magnitude of energy absorption about each joint during theses landings influences the internal and external forces acting on the joints of the lower extremity. Understanding the biomechanics of landing in adolescent male and female athletes may provide insight into these non-contact injury mechanisms. Hypothesis/Purpose: This study set out to identify sex-specific energy absorption strategies during single-leg landing and determine the relationship between joint strength and the observed strategies. To better represent real-world conditions, we developed a novel unanticipated drop-jump landing protocol for this population. Methods: Thirty-one healthy youth athletes completed unanticipated single-leg drop-jump landings on their dominant limb. Kinematics and lower-limb contributions to energy absorption were calculated over the landing phase for each jump. Independent t-tests as well as Mann-Whitney U tests determined the presence of statistical differences between sexes. Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients determined the relationship between isometric joint strength and the observed kinematics and energy absorption. Results: Females participants absorbed a larger proportion of the landing forces at the ankle and smaller proportion at the hip compared to males. Females also reached larger peak negative joint power in their knee and ankle. Both hip extension and ankle plantar flexion strength were correlated with greater spine flexion and less pelvic flexion. Conclusion: Females adopted an energy absorption strategy which utilized distal joints to absorb a larger portion of the landing forces and tended to absorb the forces later relative to males. A greater reliance on the distal joints is related to reduced hip strength and may increase the risk for sustaining an ACL injury.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".