Tracking Sources of Atmospheric Particulate Matters in Regions Dominated by Intensive Human Activities: from Site-Specific Receptor Modeling to Large Scale Satellite Observation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The aerosol loadings in Alberta are significantly influenced by intensive human activities and long-range transport of Pacific Northwest wildfire smokes. To track the geographical influence of the aerosol emission associated with intensive oil sands mining and processing operations in northern Alberta, contributions from various aerosol sources at three characterized sites were investigated via using the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) receptor modeling source apportionment approach. Fine particulate matters (PM2.5) source attributions were obtained at the sites in an industrial area with intensive oil sands mining and processing facilities, an urban area close to the oil sands mining and processing areas, and a remote rural area. The results show that anthropogenic sources were the dominant contributors of ambient aerosol concentrations within the Athabasca oil sands region (AOSR). Indicated by the depleted vanadium content in the surface dust factor from near AOSR site to remote site, the influence of petroleum coke dust as the primary source on aerosol emissions is geographically limited. The result also revealed the considerably long-lasting influence of bitumen spill on the local aerosol source contributions. From the ground-based remote sensing observations of aerosol optical properties, petroleum coke could influence the atmospheric aerosol levels over AOSR with highly light-absorbing coarse-mode aerosols under warm and dry weather conditions. The effect of aerosol transport on the populated Edmonton-Calgary Corridor (ECC) was estimated as indicated by aerosol extinction coefficient flux during the period of 2011~2017. The western boundary was revealed as the most important aerosol importing gateway, while limited aerosol-enriched air masses passed through the northern boundary southward as well. Considerable aerosol importing processes were intensively located at the altitude less than 4 km for the western and northern boundary. It was revealed that the air pollutants emissions from intensive oil sands mining and processing operations in Northeast Alberta is unlikely that have an impact on regional air quality over ECC. The trans-boundary aerosol flux through the southern boundary was reversed from southward to northward during June, July, and August, the months that favor the outbreak of wildfires. From a case study in China, the dual carbon isotope-based approach was successfully applied in tracking sources of carbonaceous aerosols.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".