Creatinine Fluctuation in Patients With Lupus Nephritis: Considerations for Clinical Trial Endpoints
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and a major driver of morbidity and mortality. Proliferative forms of LN are typically managed with immunosuppressive therapy, with the aim of attenuating renal inflammation and preserving kidney function.1 Unfortunately, despite several clinical trials of LN conducted over the past 30 to 40 years, none has translated into new Food and Drug Administration (FDA)−approved therapies. Multiple issues in clinical trial design likely contributed to these negative outcomes, such as confounding background medications (especially high-dose glucocorticoids), trial duration, and the choice of trial endpoints.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.293 | 0.335 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.008 | 0.008 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.008 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".