Treatment of periocular and temporal reticular veins with 1064‐nm Nd:YAG Laser
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The periocular and temporal regions are important aspects of beauty. The presence of reticular veins in these areas is undesirable and can also interfere with injection of neurotoxins to treat squint lines. 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser shows promise as an effective treatment modality with long-lasting effects. AIM: The aim of the study is to show that the long-pulsed, contact-cooled, variable spot-sized 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser is effective and safe, with good patient satisfaction and tolerability, and is able to achieve long-term results. METHODS: A retrospective study of 35 consecutive patients seen over a 3-year period in a private cosmetic clinic affiliated to the University of Toronto for periocular and temporal reticular veins was conducted. They were all treated with 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser. RESULTS: A total of 35 patients with an average age of 45.8 years old received treatment. 13 had lower eyelids treated, 9 had temples treated, 12 had both lower eyelids and temples treated, and 1 had both upper and lower eyelids treated. The first case of upper eyelid vein being treated with the 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser with great success after only 1 treatment is reported. 80% of the patients required only 1-2 treatment sessions. The average satisfaction score was 7.9 out of 10. The average pain score was 5.0 out of 10. 91% perceived the treatment outcome as excellent or good with the longest result lasting 33 months. There were 4 complications: 1 scabbing, 1 small burn, 1 skin darkening, and 1 teary eye. CONCLUSION: The study showed that the use of the long-pulsed, contact-cooled, variable spot-sized 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser is effective and safe, with good patient satisfaction and tolerability, and is able to achieve long-term results.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".