Effects of exercise-heat stress on circulating stress hormones and interleukin-6 in young and older men
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aging is associated with impairments in thermoregulatory function, which may augment the neuroendocrine and immune response in older relative to young adults during physical activity in the heat. This study was therefore aimed at examining changes in circulating endocrine hormones as cortisol (COR), prolactin (PRL), human growth hormone (hGH) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in young and older men prior to and following an incremental, exercise-heat stress protocol (40°C and ~15% relative humidity). Accordingly, ten habitually active young (mean±SD; 21 ± 1 years) and ten older (65 ± 3 years) men performed three 30-min bouts of cycling at increasing metabolic heat productions (300, 400 and 500 W, equal to light, moderate and vigorous exercise), each separated by a 15-min recovery. Consistent with our hypothesis, we observed augmented IL-6 in older (3.55 ± 1.62 pg/mL) compared to young men (1.59 ± 0.88 pg/mL) following the protocol (p < 0.001). However, no significant between-group differences were observed for COR and hGH (all p > 0.050). We show that when assessed following incremental exercise in the heat, older men display augmented interleukin-6, but similar levels of stress hormones relative to young men.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it