Is non-medical use of prescription sedatives and sleeping pills associated with symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress in undergraduate university students
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: Mental health is a public health concern on university campuses. However, little is understood about the etiology of mental health in this population. \nPurposes: To measure the association between the non-medical use of sedative and sleeping pills in the past three months and moderate-extremely severe symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress in the past week, in undergraduate students at the University of Ontario Institutes of Technology (University of Ontario Institute of Technology). \nMethods: Cross-sectional study of undergraduate students enrolled in the faculty of health sciences and faculty of education at University of Ontario Institute of Technology in the Fall semester of 2017. \nFindings: Few students reported lifetime (7.8%) and past three month (3.7%) non-medical sedative and sleeping pill use. More students reported moderate-extremely severe symptoms of depression (30.3%), anxiety (47.3%), and stress (25.5%). I found no association between non-medical sedative and sleeping pill use and moderate-extremely severe symptoms of anxiety, stress, and depression. \nDiscussion: Despite no association between non-medical sedative and sleeping pills use and symptoms of anxiety, stress, and depression, students must be educated about the potential negative health impacts of non-medical sedative and sleeping pill use.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".