THE VALUE OF HIGH SCHOOL: THE IMPACT OF SCHOOLING ON INCOME AND LABOR MARKET INSERTION
Bibliographic record
Abstract
There is some consensus that school education is central for the socioeconomic development of a country. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effect of secondary education on labor market insertion, analyzing the income and the different types of occupation of individuals with secondary education and those with only elementary education. In addition to a descriptive analysis, the paper employs multiple regression to understand the relationship between the level of education and the average income, evaluating the effect of secondary education using other variables as controls (e.g., such as sex and age). The data comes from the Continuous Household National Sample Survey (Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua - PNADC), second quarter of 2017, and the analysis was done in the Python programming language. Individuals with secondary education tend to have higher incomes than those with only elementary education (the additional amount varying between R$206 and R$391 according to different models). In addition, the effect of secondary education varies by age and sex, with women tending to have lower incomes than men.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".