Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective To analyze the characteristics of cognitive function impairment in PD patients without dementia and their influencing factors, and provide evidence for early recognition and treatment of cognitive deficits in PD patients. Methods Fifty-six PD patients without dementia,admitted to our hospital from January 2010 to October 2011 were assessed with mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) for cognitive function. Logistic stepwise regression was employed to analyze the influencing factors of cognitive function impairment.Results Using MMSE scores as the standard for recognition, PD patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) accounted for 7.14％ (6/56); however,using MoCA scores,they accounted for 71.43％(40/56). Both of the MMSE and MoCA scores were positively correlative with the education degree of the patients (r=0.483,P=-0.007; r=0.503,P=0.000).In the cognitive domain of MMSE,the scores of visuospatial function,and abilities of delayed recall,calculation,attention and repetition had significant decrement; and MMSE indicated that abilities of delayed recall, immediate memory, calculation and attention,and visuospatial function were main cognitive disturbances of PD.In the cognitive domain of MoCA,the scores of visuospatial and executive functions,and abilities of delayed recall,abstraction and repetition had significant decrement; MoCA indicated that visuospatial and executive functions,abilities of delayed recall,denomination,attention,abstraction and repetition were main cognitive disturbances of PD. Logistic regression analysis showed that education degree and clinical types were the main influencing factors of cognitive function impairment in PD patients. Conclusion Cognitive impairment is very common in patients with PD,and the main cognitive deficits involve visuospatial and executive functions,abilities of delayed recall,calculation,attention,abstraction and repetition; education degree and clinical types are the influencing factors of cognitive impairment of PD. Key words: Parkinson'sdisease; Cognitivefunctionimpairment; Montrealcognitive assessment
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".