Bisphenol S adsorption with activated carbon prepared from corncob: optimization using response surface methodology
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Activated carbon derived from raw corncob (CCAC), which prepared with steam as the activating agent, was used to adsorb bisphenol S (BPS) from aqueous solution. Characterizations of CCAC were measured by using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Adsorption conditions including initial BPS concentration, contact time, adsorbent dosage and pH were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). The results show that adsorption equilibrium was well described by the Langmuir and Koble–Corrigan models. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of BPS was found to be 617.29 mg g −1 at 298 K. Based on the thermodynamic parameters analysis, the BPS adsorption process was turned out to be spontaneous and exothermic. The adsorption process of BPS was well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. It also found that H-bonding, π–π interaction, and electrostatic interaction were the main mechanisms in the process of BPS adsorption onto the CCAC.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".