Relationship between blood glucose excursion and cognitive performance in diabetic patients over 60 years old
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective To explore relationship between excursion of blood glucose levels and cognitive performance in diabetic patients over aged 60 years.Methods A total of 108 diabetic patients over aged 60 years were recruited in this study and they wore under continuous blood glucose monitoring system (CGMS) for three days to evaluate excursion of their mean blood glucose (MBG) level and its standard deviation (SD).All the participants accepted cognitive function tests during continuous blood glucose monitoring, including mini mental status examination (MMSE), Montreal cognitive assessment (MOCA) and clock drawing test (CDT).Relationship of the SD of blood glucose level and cognitive performance in the three cognitive tests was assessed.Data were analyzed with CGMS software version 3.0.Results The SD reversely correlated with scores of MMSE (r = - 0.324, P ＜ 0.01 ) and CDT ( r =-0.325, P = 0.001 ), but they did not significantly correlate with MOCA scores (r = -0.212, P =0.081 ).Statistically significant difference was observed between the SD and scores of all three cognitive tests adjusted for glycosylated hemoglobin Alc (HbAlc) level (r = -0.387, -0.046 and -0.292, P =0.029, ＜0.001 and ＜ 0.001, respectively).The SD reversely correlated with scores of MMSE, MOCA and CDT adjusted for MBG (r= -0.314, -0.466 and -0.345, P ＜0.01, respectively).Results of multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the SD reversely correlated to scores of MMSE, MOCA and CDT (β = - 0.378, - 0.224 and - 0.346, all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Excursion of blood glucose levels can influence their cognitive performance in diabetic patients over aged 60 years, leading to decrease in their overall cognitive function and activities as its excursion large enough. Key words: Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Blood glucose, excursion; Cognitive dissonance
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".